Mango – Industry Strategic Science and Technology Plans (ISPs) Platform

Block

Mango

Industry Strategic Science and Technology Program

Industry Profile

Quick Statistics

Strategic R&D

Technologies

Technology Transfer Initiatives

Capacity Building

Policy Research & Advocacy

Mango Industry Profile

Mango, locally known as “mangga” and scientifically named Mangifera indica L., is the Philippines’ national fruit. It is also the third most important fruit crop based on export volume in the Philippines, next to banana and pineapple. The Philippines ranks 10th among the top producers of mango in the world with a 2.5% share in production (FAO 2014). Based on the data from the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), as of 2021, Ilocos Region remained the top mango producer with 124.68 thousand metric tons, contributing 22.4 percent to the national production, followed by SOCCSKSARGEN and Zamboanga Peninsula, which both shared 9.8 percent to the national output. With a very high potential as a fresh or processed export product to other untapped export destinations, ‘Carabao’ mango is a wide variety, with 450.48 thousand metric tons produced from April to June 2021, accounting for 80.9 percent of the total production in the Philippines.

Problems in the Industry

The mango production in the Philippines is still constrained by several problems that limit its full potential. These include impacts of climate change, pests and diseases, poor nutrition, low adoption of improved technologies, post-harvest losses that cause substantial reduction in fruit yield and quality, and lack of government regulations, reforms, and support.

The industry faces pests and diseases such as mango twig borer (MTB), a significant insect pest in mango orchards. Other pests and diseases include scab, anthracnose, and stem-end rot. Mango scab is caused by fungal pathogen, initially present as small dark brown or gray spots on the underside of leaves or fruit, developing a velvety or cracked texture in the center of the lesion over time. It infects young fruit, twigs, leaves, and blossom spikes. Anthracnose and stem-end rot, on the other hand, are considered the most severe and destructive diseases of mango. Anthracnose infects almost all mango parts, including floral panicles, twigs, leaves, and fruits of mature and immature trees. Moreover, stem-end rot is a significant problem caused by fungi, limiting the storage of mango fruits and shelf life.

Price
Production
Policies and Programs

Farm Gate Price
Retail Price
Wholesale Price

Volume
Value
Area
Yield

Mango Policies

Policy Type	Policy Number	Policy Year	Congress	Policy Title	Policy Description	Policy Objective	Policy Link	Commodity	Classification	info_encoder_stamp	info_date_stamp	filepath
Guidelines/Strategies	Code of good agricultural practices (GAP) for mango	2009	Null	Code of good agricultural practices (GAP) for mango	This Code of GAP for mango lists down the practices for pre-and post-production of safe and high quality mangoes intended for both domestic and export markets. It provides common understanding on farm location, farm structure and maintenance, cultural and farm management, integrated pest management (IPM), and pesticide management geared towards GAP compliance.	The PNS – Code of GAP for Mango is applicable for both small and large-scale farms and will be used as a basis for evaluating farms towards obtaining a GAP Certification.	http://spsissuances.da.gov.ph/attachments/article/1120/PNS-BAFS45-2009GAPMango.pdf	Mango	Null	Jeff U.	05/27/2025	C:\Users\MISD-Jeff\Documents\PCAARRD\Formatting\Output\Mango_2025-05-27_processed.xlsx
Guidelines/Strategies	Philippine National Standard for Fresh Fruits – Mangoes, PNS/BAFPS 13:2004	2004	Null	Philippine National Standard for Fresh Fruits – Mangoes, PNS/BAFPS 13:2004	This standard supersedes the PNS 168:1991 prepared by the Bureau of Product Standards’ Technical Committee on Agricultural & Other Food Products and its Sub-Committee on Fresh Fruits, BPS/TC 20/SC 5. This revision was undertaken to update the standard in order to cope to the increasing needs of the industry. Modifications were made on the various clauses: definition of terms, grading, size classification, tolerances, packaging, contaminants and hygiene. The maximum levels for heavy metals and pesticide residues are included in this standard.	This standard establishes a system of grading and classifying commercial mango fruits grown from Mangifer indica Linn of the Mangiferae family produced in the Philippines to be supplied fresh to the consumer.	http://spsissuances.da.gov.ph/images/DAPNS/PNS-BAFS13-2004Mangoes.pdf	Mango	Null	Jeff U.	05/27/2025	C:\Users\MISD-Jeff\Documents\PCAARRD\Formatting\Output\Mango_2025-05-27_processed.xlsx
Law	Republic Act No. 7900	1995	9th	An Act To Promote The Production, Processing, Marketing, And Distribution Of High-Value Crops, Providing Funds Therefor, And For Other Purposes, “High-Value Crops Development Act of 1995”	It is hereby declared the policy of the State to accelerate the growth and development of agriculture in general, enhance productivity and incomes of farmers and the rural population, improve investment climate, competencies and efficiency of agribusiness and develop high-value crops as export crops that will significantly augment the foreign exchange earnings of the country, through an all-out promotion of the production, processing, marketing, and distribution of high-value crops in suitable areas of the country. HVCs are defined as crops other than traditional crops which include, but are not limited to: coffee and cacao, fruit crops (citrus, cashew, guyabano, papaya, mango, pineapple, strawberry, jackfruit, rambutan, durian, mangosteen, guava, lanzones, and watermelon), root crops (potato and ubi), vegetable crops (asparagus, broccoli, cabbage, celery, carrots, cauliflower, radish, tomato, bell pepper, and patola), legumes, pole sitao (snap beans and garden pea), spices and condiments (black pepper, garlic, ginger, and onion), and cutflower and ornamental foliage plants (chrysanthemum, gladiolus, anthuriums, orchids, and statice).	The Act aims to promote the production, processing, marketing, and distribution of high-value crops in suitable areas of the country.	https://www.congress.gov.ph/legisdocs/ra_09/Ra07900.pdf	Mango	Null	Jeff U.	05/27/2025	C:\Users\MISD-Jeff\Documents\PCAARRD\Formatting\Output\Mango_2025-05-27_processed.xlsx
Proclamation	Proclamation No. 314, s. 1993	1993	Null	Declaring The Island of Guimaras As A “Special Quatrantine Zone,” An Area Free From Mango Pulp Weevil And Mango Seed Weevil And Providing Measures To Maintain Such Status	The Manila Super Mango is one among the most delicious mango in the world. The Island of Guimaras in the Visayas is the leading producer of the above-mentioned mangoes and has become a major industry in that island. It has been finally established that the island of Guimaras is free from injurious mango pests, such as the mango pulp weevil and the mango seed weevil.	The order aims to provide appropriate mechanisms and measures to prevent witting or unwitting introduction into Guimaras Island the mango pulp weevil and mango seed weevil.	https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1993/12/23/proclamation-no-314-s-1993/	Mango	Null	Jeff U.	05/27/2025	C:\Users\MISD-Jeff\Documents\PCAARRD\Formatting\Output\Mango_2025-05-27_processed.xlsx

Data Source: Philippine Statistics Authority. 1990-2022.

Notes:

Volume of production of mango in metric tons (MT)
Area of production of mango in hectares (ha)
Yield of mango production in metric tons (MT)
Utilization of mango per capita in thousand metric tons
Value of Production at Current Prices in Million PhP
Value of Production at Constant 2018 Prices in Million PhP

Gross Value Added at Current Prices in Million PhP
Gross Value Added at Constant 2018 Prices in Million PhP
Gross Supply of mango in metric tons
Farmgate price of Mango’ in Pesos per kilogram
Retail Price of Mango in Pesos per kilogram

ISP for Mango

PCAARRD ISP on Mango aims to address the occurrence of pests and diseases, poor nutrition, low adoption of improved technologies, and post-harvest losses by providing science solutions in the form of S&T interventions with corresponding resources to achieve the desired targets.

Strategic R&D

Strategic R&D is DOST-PCAARRD’s banner program comprising all R&D activities that are intended to
generate outputs geared towards maximum economic and social benefits

Simple Sequence Repeat Markers kit

The use of authentic and true-to-type planting materials is one of the most important considerations in ensuring that only those...

Protein-based detection kit

A previous study developed a protein-based detection kit for identifying true-to-type Philippine “Carabao” mango using antiserum generated from protein markers....

Farmers and Industry Encounters through S&T Agenda

The “FIESTA” or Farmers and Industry Encounters through Science and Technology Agenda aims to provide an avenue for the promotion...

Changing Patterns: Implications for Agricultural Policies and Innovation

Government and private sector initiatives for the growth of the mango industry, such as developing policies, strengthening R&D efforts, and...

Molecular markers for scab and stem-end rot resistance

There is a great need to improve ‘Carabao’ mango since its susceptibility to diseases results in low yield and poor...

Products, equipment, and protocols or process innovations developed to improve productivity, efficiency,
quality, and profitability in the agriculture and aquatic industries, and to achieve sustainable
utilization and management of natural resources

LAMP kits for detection of disease pathogens

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification or LAMP has been one of the popular molecular techniques used by several researchers in detecting the presence of pathogenic microscopic organisms that cause diseases to plants,...

Technology transfer initiatives ensure that the outputs of R&D and innovations are transformed
into viable and applicable technologies that help intended users

BPSU IP-TBM Phase II: Patent Mining Program for Mango

The ongoing project strengthens the capacities of Intellectual Property and Technology Business Management (IP-TBM) Office to enhance its commercialization activities. It involves the following: Enhancement and sustainability of the operation...

STCBF on Sustainable Mango Production in Pulilan, Bulacan

STCBF on mango production will be established in selected Barangays of Pulilan, Bulacan. This project will employ the STCBF modality to the organized mango growers engaged in mango production, featuring...

Science and Technology Model Farm (STMF) on Mango Production in Pampanga

The establishment of the STMF on mango production in Paradise Farm in Clark, Pampanga will serve as a show window of the recommended S&T interventions on mango production for wider...

Productivity Enhancement of Selected Mango Orchards in Bulacan

This project generally aims to improve the local mango production in Pulilan, Bulacan through adoption of the recommended technologies on mango production, postharvest handling, and processing. Specifically, it intends to...

Community-based STBF on Mango Production in Bataan

A Community Based S&T-Based Farms (CBSTBF) on mango production will be established in selected Barangays of Abucay and Balanga City. The existing STBF on Mango production in Dangcol, Balanga, Bataan...

Capacity building efforts of DOST-PCAARRD seek to develop and enhance the R&D capabilities of researchers
and academic or research institutions through graduate assistantships & non-degree trainings
and development and/or upgrading of research facilities

Infrastructure Development

Manpower Development

Capacity building on Farmers and Industry Encounters through S&T Agenda

Policy Research & Advocacy

Analysis of policy concerns and advocacy of science-informed policies ensures that the AANR policy environment is conducive for S&T development
and investments

Competitiveness of Philippine Mango Industry under the ASEAN Economic Community

The study shows that Philippine mangoes are competitive both under export trade and import substitution scenarios. This implies that the country must focus on its domestic production, not only because the country must satisfy the global demand and meet the required volume of exports for the Philippines to earn foreign exchange. The country will lose its export competitiveness if yield (4.79mt/ha) declines by 27 percent or if domestic cost rises by 51 percent.

Reference:

Lapiña, G. F. and Andal, E. T. (2017). ASEAN Economic Community: Opportunities and Challenges for the Crops Sector. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines: Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources

Effects of Transaction Costs of Technology Adoption in the Mango Industry

The survey results showed that among the three transaction costs in mango production, transaction cost for labor was much higher than the two other categories. Of all the recommended technologies, the highest average transaction cost for labor is incurred in pruning (Php 2,543), followed by bagging (Php 890) and pesticide application (Php 801). Highest amount of transaction cost for inputs is spent in buying fertilizers (Php 236). There is less transaction cost for marketing the products since many of the growers already have contacts or patrons already waiting for their produce.

Reference:

Cuevas, A.C., Dorado, R.A., and Dionna II, D.L.Z. (2016). An Analysis of the Effects of Transaction Costs on Technology Adoption in the Mango Industry: The Case of PCAARRD’s Recommended Practices for Production and Post-Production. Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines: Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development – (Program Report)

PCAARRD's Industry Strategic Science and Technology Programs